Classification And Working Principle Of Stainless Steel Ball Valve

The ball valve is a new type of valve that has been widely used in recent years. This article mainly discusses the categories and working principles of stainless steel ball valves.

KS Stainless Steel Ball Valve

Ball valves are classified according to the structural form

1. Fixed ball valve

The ball of the ball valve is fixed and does not move after being pressed. The fixed ball valve is equipped with a floating valve seat. After the pressure of the medium, the valve seat moves, so that the sealing ring is pressed tightly on the ball to ensure sealing. Bearings are usually installed on the upper and lower shafts of the sphere, and the operating torque is small, which is suitable for high-pressure and large-diameter valves. In order to reduce the operating torque of the ball valve and increase the reliability of the seal, oil-sealed ball valves have appeared in recent years. Special lubricants are injected between the sealing surfaces to form an oil film, which enhances the sealing performance and reduces the operating torque. , It is more suitable for high-pressure and large-caliber ball valves.

 

2. Elastic ball valve

The ball of the ball valve is elastic. Both the ball and the valve seat sealing ring are made of metal materials, and the sealing specific pressure is very large. The pressure of the medium itself cannot meet the sealing requirements, and external force must be applied. This valve is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure media. The elastic sphere is made by opening an elastic groove on the lower end of the inner wall of the sphere to obtain elasticity. When closing the passage, use the wedge-shaped head of the valve stem to expand the ball and press the valve seat to seal.

Loosen the wedge-shaped head before rotating the sphere, and the sphere will return to its original shape so that there is a small gap between the sphere and the valve seat, which can reduce the friction of the sealing surface and the operating torque. The three-way ball valve has T type and L type. The T type can connect three orthogonal pipelines with each other and cut off the third channel, which can split and merge. The L-shape can only connect two orthogonal pipes, and cannot maintain the third pipe to communicate with each other at the same time. It only plays a role in distribution.

Stainlees Steel Ball Valve

 

3. Floating ball valve

The ball of the ball valve is floating. Under the action of the medium pressure, the ball can produce a certain displacement and press tightly on the sealing surface of the outlet end to ensure the seal of the outlet end. The floating ball valve has a simple structure and good sealing performance, but the load of the sphere bearing the working medium is all transmitted to the outlet sealing ring, so it is necessary to consider whether the sealing ring material can withstand the working load of the sphere medium. This structure is widely used in medium and low-pressure ball valves.

 

The working principle of the ball valve

The working principle of the ball valve is to make the valve unblocked or blocked by rotating the valve. The ball valve switch is light, small in size, can be made into a large diameter, reliable in sealing, simple in structure, easy to maintain, the sealing surface and the spherical surface are often in a closed state, and it is not easy to be eroded by the medium. It is widely used in various industries.

The ball valve and the plug valve are the same types of valve. Only its closing part is a ball. The ball rotates around the centerline of the valve body to achieve opening and closing.

The ball valve is mainly used to cut off, distribute and change the flow direction of the medium in the pipeline. The ball valve is a new type of valve that has been widely used in recent years.

 

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Ball Valve Types Based on Valve Housing

The difference between ball valve types is how the pieces of the valve are assembled and this affects the ways for maintenance or repair. The operation of the valves is the same in each housing type. The assembly of the valve housing can be divided into a few commonly used designs detailed out below.

 

Top Entry Ball Valve

Top Entry Ball Valves are valves that assembled their ball from the top side part. A top entry body allows access to the ball and seats for maintenance without the need to remove the valve and is preferred for larger sizes. It is not required to be removed the valve from the pipe system. Usually, top entry ball valves are made from casting metal. Since it is made from casting it will need some additional NDE tests to make sure that there is no defect from the casting process. The advantage of the top entry ball valves is their construction that allows minimal thread connection so that it will also minimize possible leak paths.

 

Side Entry Ball Valves

Side Entry Ball Valves are valves that assembled their ball from the side part. It is usually assembled in two pieces or three pieces of body. Each part of the body is assembled by a bolt stud just like joining a two-piece of flanges. Usually, side entry ball valves are made from forge metal. Each piece of the body is forged and then assembled together. This construction will minimize a defect caused by a casting valve. Side entry ball valves are also easy to assemble and the trim component is also easy to align. Another advantage of the side entry type is its fast delivery time from almost all vendors rather than a casting product that still needs some additional test.

 

Welded Body Ball Valves

Welded Body Ball Valves are valves that are assembled in completely welded construction so that there are no leak paths through-bolt connection etc. It’s not possible to do maintenance for the valve in the field. These welded body ball valves are usually used at underground or buried applications where maintenance is not expected such as gas transmission, subsea application, etc.

All welding processes for the body have to be suited to the materials of construction and are to be qualified and performed according to relevant standards. Non-destructive tests (NDTS) are also to be performed on the circumferential weld joints of the body

 

One Piece or Single Body Ball Valve

One Piece Ball Valves or Single Body Ball Valves have a solid, cast body which reduces the risk for leakage. These are the cheapest variant of ball valves. These valves can not be opened for cleaning or maintenance. These valves are generally used for low demanding applications. One-piece ball valves are almost always reduced bore, are relatively inexpensive, and generally are throw-away.

 

Two-Piece Ball Valve

Two-Piece Ball Valves consists of two pieces, one piece that has one end connection and the body and the second piece that fits into the first, holds the trim in place, and includes the second end connection. These can be disassembled for cleaning, servicing, and inspection. The valve must be completely removed from the pipe in order to separate the two parts. Two-piece ball valves are generally slightly reduced (or standard) bore and they can be either throw-away or repairable.

 

Three Piece Body Ball Valve

Three Piece Ball Valve consists of three pieces two end caps and a body. All three pieces are generally clamped together by bolt connections. The three-piece design allows for the center part of the valve containing the ball, stem & seats to be easily removed from the pipeline. This facilitates efficient cleaning of deposited sediments, replacement of seats and gland packing, polishing out of small scratches on the ball, all this without removing the pipes from the valve body. The advantage of this embodiment is that the valve can be serviced without removing the entire valve from the pipeline. These valves are usually the most expensive compared to other types.

The Best Ball Valve Manufacturer

Founded in 1994, Yuanda Valve Group Co., LTD. Has made use of the short 30 years to rise and expand at a speed of 100 times. We are advancing with time, updating equipment, elaborately carving out our brand, focusing on developing high-end valve products, and actively responding to market demands with creativity. If you are interested in our products, please visit our website for more information!

What Is Butterfly Valve?

Butterfly valves have been in use since the end of the 18th century. James Watt made use of a butterfly valve in his steam engine prototype. With advances in materials and modern technology, butterfly valves can be made smaller as well as can hold up against higher temperatures. After the Second World War, synthetic rubber was used for seals, enabling butterfly valves to be made use of in more sectors. In 1969, James E. Hemphill patented an improvement in the butterfly valve that lowered the hydrodynamic torque required to transform the valve's outcome.

The butterfly valve is also called butterfly valve, as the name suggests, its essential components like a butterfly against the wind, free turning. The butterfly valve disc is the disc, around the seat of a shaft rotation, the dimension of the angle of turning is the valve open and also close.
The butterfly valve is a quarter-turn rotating movement valve used to quit, change as well as start the flow.

Stainless steel butterfly valve

The butterfly valve can be opened up easily as well as promptly. The 90 ° rotation of the handle supplies completes the closing or opening of the valve. Large butterfly valves are usually equipped with a supposed transmission, where the handwheel is linked to the valve stem by equipment. This simplifies the operation of the valve, but at the expense of speed.
As a result of its small dimension, easy framework, as well as light-weight, butterfly valves are increasingly used in piping systems such as cool and hot air, water as well as electrical power, environmental protection, structure supply of water as well as water drainage, as well as community engineering. Used as a tool for intercepting or intermediary flow. On several events, due to the benefits of the butterfly valve itself, it has been possible to change gate valves, globe valves, ball valves, and various other valves in industrial pipeline applications.
The structure of the butterfly valve is very straightforward, with just a few basic parts such as the valve body, valve stem, valve disc, valve seat, and transmission. Although the framework is basic, the feature of the butterfly valve can not be ignored. The little framework has terrific practical value.
The butterfly valve can be used to readjust the flow. When the flow adjustment butterfly valve requires to be under special working conditions, or in a closed environment, the performance needs are stringent, or the operating problems of the butterfly valve are seriously worn, low-temperature level, and other harsh work.

Butterfly valve parts

Below are the major butterfly valve components:

Valve Body

The valve body fits between the pipe flanges - the most common end connection types being flanged, double lug, and wafer types.

 

Disc

Attached to the valve body is the disc that functions as a gate that stops or throttles fluid flow; it can be considered equivalent to a gate in a gate valve, or a ball in a ball valve. The disc is typically bored to receive the stem, or shaft. There are many variations in disc design, orientation, and material in order to improve flow, sealing, and/or operating torque. For example, Hawle’s 9881k double eccentric disc is designed to reduce seal wear and “scuffing” as well as operating torque requirements.

Cast iron rubber lined butterfly valve

Seat

Lining the internal valve body is a strong elastomer or metal anti-leak seal that secures the disc in place in the closed position in order to achieve complete shutoff. The 9881k series’ stainless steel weld filled and microfinished integral body seat ensures a corrosion and erosion resistant seat face. With this special type of seat design, it is possible to manufacture the valve drop tight according to EN12266 –A requirements.

 

Stem

The valve shaft, often also referred to as the stem, is the component that connects the disc to the actuation mechanism and transmits the torque through itself.

 

Seals

Seals are present at multiple interfaces within the valve to either ensure a tight seal during operation or to isolate the process media from the valve’s internal components for a more flexible and cost-efficient design.

Sealing on seat face is ensured by a continuous T-profile resilient sealing ring which is held on the periphery of the disc by a retaining ring, preventing the sealing ring from rolling out. In the closed position, the sealing ring is pressed against the seat face, providing a tight seal on both the upstream and downstream ends. In the open position, the sealing ring is completely unstressed due to the double eccentric disc design.

By eliminating interaction between the process media and the stem/shaft, the multiple O-ring shaft sealing system ensures a maintenance-free sealing for the entire life span of the valve. Besides, there are smaller more common components such as the bushings, bearings, and fasteners that are part of most other valve constructions as well. Details on some of the components on the actuation end, such as the handle, lever, gearbox, and handwheel will be covered in the actuation section.

Butterfly valve: working principle

The construction of a butterfly valve is relatively simple, with the rotation of the valve disc controlling the fluid flow. In the closed position, the disc blocks the valve bore while in the open position, the disc is oriented perpendicular to the flow direction to allow flow. Butterfly valves generally provide bi-directional flow and shutoff capability. However, they are not full-bore, which renders them unsuitable for pigging or swabbing. The body material is ductile iron with an epoxy powder coat on both internal and external surfaces. The valves are typically operated by handwheels, gears, or actuators, or a combination thereof, according to the specific application requirement and technical specifications. We will be discussing the actuation methods later in the article.

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The Ultimate Guide to the Y-Strainer Valve

 Contents:

ㆍWhat is the Y strainer valve?    

ㆍHow does the Y-strainer valve work?

ㆍFeature and benefits of Y-type strainer valve

ㆍApplication of Y-strainer valve

ㆍHow do you clean a Y-strainer valve?

ㆍSummary

What is the Y strainer valve?         

 

Y Type Strainer valves are named because of their shape and are commonly used for coarse filtration or pre-filtration. But as it has a wide filtration area, it can also be used with fine mesh. The Strainer valve increases the clearance of the medium and extends the life of the valves; protects costly pumps, meters, and other mechanical devices. It is ideal for water, air, coal, petroleum, steam, and other liquids.

 

Y Strainer valve can be installed in either of vertical or horizontal direction with the filtration element pointing downwards which provides the material to be collected at the lowermost point of the strainer valve mesh. It also comes with a blow-off connection for automatic cleaning.

Y Strainers can be used in either a horizontal or vertical position while most basket strainers are designed for horizontal or slightly inclined piping applications. You must pay attention to the orientation of the chamber which collects debris and the drain (blow-down) connection of the Y Strainer. The strainer must be installed so that it is in the lowest possible position.

Y strainer installation orientation

A Y Strainer installed in vertical piping must be installed so that its screen is in the downward position so that it can trap sediment in the debris collection chamber.

A simplex strainer (just a single strainer as opposed to a duplex strainer) is generally used where the process can be shut down for a period of time to replace or clean the strainer.

Y Strainers and many basket strainers can be self-cleaning. If you add a blow-down valve the strainer can be flushed without stopping the flow through or disassembling the piping.

How does the Y-strainer valve work?

 

The Y-strainer valve is a special design. One end is to pass liquids such as water, and one end is to deposit waste and impurities. The water to be treated by the filter enters the body from the water inlet, and impurities in the water are deposited on the stainless steel screen, thereby generating a pressure difference.

 

The pressure switch monitors the pressure difference between the water inlet and the outlet. When the pressure reaches the set value, the electric controller feeds the water control valve and drives the motor signal to trigger the following actions: the motor drives the brush to rotate, cleans the filter element, and simultaneously controls the valve to open.

 

For drainage, the entire cleaning process only takes tens of seconds. When the cleaning is completed, the control valve is closed, the motor stops rotating, the system returns to its initial state, and the next filtration process begins. After the equipment is installed, it is debugged by a technician to set the filtration time and cleaning conversion time. The water to be treated enters the body from the water inlet, and the filter starts to work normally.

 

Feature and benefits of Y-type strainer valve

 

Y-type pipe strainer valve has many advantages over other types of strainer valves which makes these devices durable and economic for business owners, some of the benefits of Y-Strainer valves are:

 

• Y-Strainer valves can be installed in both Horizontal and Vertical orientations which makes the installation more versatile and easier.

• As the Y-Strainer valve is compact it is comparatively cheaper.

• Y-Strainer valves can withstand more pressure than other types of strainer valves.

 

Application of Y-strainer valve

 

The industries in which y strainer valves are best used are those in need of continuous protection against debris. The most popular use for y strainer valves is in steam applications. Owing to its design, the Y-Type strainer valve has no difficulties handling the high pressure applied to steam.

 

Y strainer valves are also used for liquid applications. Sand and gravel are two very common forms of debris that pose a significant challenge to liquid applications. When combined with applications for water handling, y strainer valves are used to secure devices that may otherwise be affected or clogged by different unwanted particles.

 

Y-Strainer valve is considered the standard for steam systems and is commonly used for these systems, but it can be used for other fluids also. Its lightweight, cylindrical shape is very effective and can withstand high pressures. Y-Strainer valves that withstand pressures up to 6000 psi are widely used. And in these situations, the design of the strainer valve is important so that it can handle these high pressures without failing. The temperature is another element to be noticed under such high pressure. Standard carbon steel is not ideal for steam pressures of 1500 psi or higher, since the steam temperature is 1000°F or higher. In such instances, the Y-Strainer valve body is typically made of chrome-moly alloy.

 

Y-Strainer valves are also used in applications including air and natural gas in addition to steam. Again, high pressures are normal. However, high air pressure does not always mean high temperatures, and ordinary carbon steel bodies with adequate wall thickness can be used.

 

How do you clean a Y-strainer valve?

 

Always depressurize the pipeline where the strainer valve is fitted before cleaning a Y-Strainer valve. The Y-strainer valve mesh can be washed by extracting the plugin the bushing, the cap, and the bolt cover, enabling the strainer valve to clear the loose dirty material within the screen.  When the blow-off valve is attached to the strainer valve, it can be opened to obtain the same effect as the above. You may also clean the Y-strainer valve mesh by removing the cock, cap, or cover for accessing the filter object.

 

Care should be taken while washing the screen. After extracting the filter screen, it should be immersed in a cleaning solvent or washed using a brush. Do not make stuck materials harden on the filter screen, as it would be difficult to clean afterward. A routine cleaning plan is recommended to avoid clogging of screens.

 

The pressure gauge is recommended to be installed before and after the strainer valve which will indicate a loss of pressure due to clogging. This can help to set up a maintenance schedule for cleaning the filter screen. Extra filtering screens can be helpful to keep the system in operation during the cleaning process.

 

Summary

Y-Strainer valves are tools for the mechanical separation of unnecessary solids from liquid, gas, or steam lines by use of a perforated or wire mesh strainer valve. They are used in pipelines to secure pumps, meters, control valves, steam traps, regulators, and other process machinery. Yuanda Valve is a professional Y strainer valve manufacturer, please feel free to contact us if you have any question.

Anatomy of A Exhaust Valve Failure

First, the keys to exhaust valve longevity are: Precise contact between the valve face and the valve seat, and a good fit between the valve stem and the valve guide. In-flight, the pilot must keep cylinder head temperatures within normal limits to avoid damage.

Exhaust valves burn when they fail to seat properly and, as a result, can't efficiently transfer heat to the cylinder. Ultra-hot gasses scorch these valves beginning at their thin rims. This damage erodes and weakens the valves, exacerbates the poor seating problem, and dramatically accelerates wear. Without intervention, exhaust valve can fail with potentially disastrous consequences.

 

Determining Valve Health

Green Means Stop

When an exhaust valve doesn't seat properly, ultra-hot gasses can leak around the thin valve rim and create hot spots. The first indication of a problem is usually an asymmetric pattern of deposits on the valve face.

Normal buildups on the valve face tend to be red, orange, or gray in color. The valve face can turn yellow or green when the temperature becomes abnormally high. When a portion of the exhaust valve itself turns green, it means the valve is severely burned and weakened, and the valve should be replaced immediately. In this case, “Green means stop.”

The green pattern is usually crescent-shaped and expands from the edge to the center of the valve. In advanced cases, two crescent patterns may emerge on opposite edges of the valve.

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Red Symmetrical Pattern on the Valve Face

Unburned byproducts of combustion frequently leave red or orange deposits on the valve face. These colorful buildups tend to be thickest at the center of the valve (where the temperature is relatively cool). The cooler the valve, and the richer the fuel/air mixture, the thicker the deposits are going to be.

Don't be alarmed by the reddish color of these buildups. As long as the pattern is symmetrical and resembles an overcooked pizza, it's probably healthy.

 

Valve Rotation

Exhaust valves are designed to rotate, and this rotation is essential to valve longevity since it helps prevent deposits from building up around the seat, stem, and guide. At a typical 2,400-rpm cruise, each exhaust valve opens and closes 1,200 times a minute, and each valve rotates once per minute.

Precise alignment of the rocker arm is essential for proper valve rotation. A poorly aligned rocker arm can wear out a valve guide within 100 hours of engine operation – and that wear can cause improper valve seating, hot spots, and valve damage or failure. Watch through the borescope as you turn the propeller by hand and pay careful attention to how the exhaust valve opens and closes. Note any “side step.” The more a valve shifts sideways as it enters the seat, the more worn the valve guide is likely to be.

Also, when you find a burned valve, make sure to closely inspect the rocker arm. If the toe of the rocker arm isn't striking the valve squarely, it will cause valve guide wear, and the valve to seat improperly. A poorly aligned rocker arm can prevent the new valve from rotating properly and result in premature valve wear.

The Final Words

Traditional cylinder compression checks are still valuable diagnostic tools. Low readings on a compression test, and the sound of air leaking from the exhaust, are obvious warning signs of valve problems. Combine this information with the clear and colorful images you can see through a modern borescope and you will gain a much fuller picture of an engine's condition. We are an exhaust valves supplier. Please feel free to contact us if you need them!

How To Maintain The Ball Valve

Ball valves have a long service life and a maintenance-free period. They must depend on several factors: the normal working conditions, suitable temperature-pressure ratios, and reasonable corrosion data.

1. When the ball valve is in the closed state, the pressure fluid is also in the valve body.

2. Before repairing, please clear the pipeline pressure and make the valve open.

3. Please disconnect the power and air source before repairing.

4. Before maintenance, separate the actuator from the base.

5. Before disassembly, please remove the pressure of the upstream and downstream lines of the ball valve.

6. When disassembling and reorganizing, prevent damage to the parts, especially the sealing surface of non-metal parts, and use special tools to take out the o-ring.

7. When installing the flanged ball valve, the bolts on the flange must be symmetrical and then tighten gradually.

8. Ball valves are available in different materials, such as cast steel ball valves or stainless steel ball valves. The tilting agent should be compatible with the rubber parts, plastic parts, metal parts, and working medium (such as gas) of the ball valve. When the working fluid is gas and gasoline (GB484-89) can be used to clean metal parts, non-metal parts can be cleaned with pure water or gasoline.

9. After cleaning, the cleaning gent evaporates, and the ball valve can be assembled, but it cannot be stored for a long time, otherwise it will rust or become dirty.

10. Before assembling new parts, cleaning is also necessary.

Maintenance of marine ball valves

Ball valves are the type most often found on boats compared to other types such as gate valves and butterfly valves. They are also known as seacocks when they are mounted near a hull opening to either admit water from or expel water to outside the hull. They’re called ball valves because they use a solid ball with a hole through its middle to control the flow. The ball rotates with the handle to align the hole with the inlet and outlet to allow flow through the valve. Turned 90 degrees, the inlet and outlet are blocked and prevent flow. They are best used as shutoff valves because they only need a quarter turn to operate and because the position of the handle conveniently indicates the state of the valve. When the handle is parallel to the flow direction, the valve is open, when perpendicular, it is closed.

Ball valves are not very high maintenance parts. Other than worn O rings that seal the ball inside the valve body, keeping the valve clean and free-turning with a little lubrication is all it needs. It’s when a valve looses its lubrication and debris or corrosion builds up that it can become hard to turn. If you apply too much force to a plastic valve, the handle can break off leaving the valve inoperable and you must repair or replace it.

Ball Valve

Follow these steps to maintain a ball valve:

1. If practical, remove the valve from the boat so you can inspect it and more easily work on it.

2. Clamp one end of the valve firmly in a vise but not so tightly that you deform or crack the valve.

3. With a large wrench, unscrew the other end.

4. Use water to flush out any sand and dirt from both parts.

The particular valve shown in this post was on the galley drain hose that connects to the cockpit scupper drains above the through-hull fitting on Summer Dance. The valve is angled downward slightly away from its outlet and so acts like a sediment trap for the cockpit drains. Normally, valves like this should at least be angled toward the through-hull so that they don’t trap debris. Unfortunately, the drain funnel that feeds into this valve is too low for that. In situations like this, clean the valve more often than normal to minimize the scoring shown below.

5. Turn the valve handle to the open position, remove the screw that attaches the handle to the valve, and pull the handle straight off.

6. Reach inside the valve body with one finger, stick it in the ball hole to grip the ball, and rotate the ball back and forth until you can pull it out. It should be tight but come out with enough persuasion. The hardest part is getting the handle stem out of its hole.

7. Clean all the parts thoroughly with soap and water. Inspect the O rings for wear and replace as necessary. If the ball and valve body are excessively scored or worn to the point that the valve leaks too much when closed, replace the entire valve.

8. Apply a good quality silicone or Teflon marine lubricant to the O rings and wear surfaces.

9. Reassemble the valve in the reverse order that you disassembled it. Reinstall the small O ring between the ball and handle after you reinstall the ball or it could get pinched in the valve body and prevent proper fit of the other parts. Be sure it seats fully before you reinstall the handle.

10. Reinstall the valve in the boat. Apply Teflon tape to any threads and check for leaks and proper operation.

Repeat this job every couple of years depending on how often you sail and how often you use the valve. At a minimum, work all valves annually to prevent them from sticking. We are ball valve suppliers. Please feel free to contact us if you are interested in our products.